6-Methylheptanoic acid (6-methyl-heptanoic acid) is orally toxic and is involved in the synthesis of polymyxin B and colistin hapten PMB-A.

Angiotensin II is a potent direct vasoconstrictor, causing arteries and veins to constrict, so leading to an increase in blood pressure.

甜菊醇是一种天然甜味剂，能强烈抑制胃肠道癌细胞的增殖。